Tasas de sudoración en competiciones internacionales de aguas abiertas y la importancia del avituallamiento en nadadores de élite
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17398/1885-7019.21.291Palabras clave:
elite, hidratación, natación, aguas abiertas, tasa de sudoraciónResumen
La natación en aguas abiertas es una disciplina con condiciones ambientales variables que afectan al rendimiento. La hidratación es fundamental en el rendimiento, siendo poco estudiada en aguas abiertas. El objetivo del trabajo fue conocer cómo la hidratación afecta en la tasa de sudoración en pruebas de 5 y 10 km. La muestra se compuso de 45 nadadores de elite (22 mujeres y 23 hombres) analizados durante eventos internacionales de 5 y 10 km. Se midió la tasa de sudoración (L·h−1), porcentaje de pérdida de peso y la ingesta de líquido (L). Los resultados presentan diferencias significativas (p < 0.001) en agua cálida de la tasa de sudoración (-1,99 ± 0,34 L·h−1 vs -1,14 ± 0,36 vs -1,48 ± 0,49), en agua fría con neopreno en cuanto a la pérdida de peso (p < 0.05) (-2,27 ± 0,75 %) y la ingesta de líquido (1,31 ± 0,63 L). Los resultados del estudio muestran una tasa de sudoración mayor en aguas cálidas, el uso de neopreno aumentó el porcentaje de pérdida de peso y reduce la ingesta de líquido. Este estudio confirma la importancia de planificar una estrategia de hidratación en función de las condiciones de una prueba de aguas abiertas.
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