Impacto de una activación mediante ejercicios de autocarga vs bandas elásticas en la capacidad de salto y fuerza dinámica
Calentamiento con ejercicios de autocarga o bandas elásticas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17398/1885-7019.20.23Palabras clave:
ejercicio, acondicionamiento físico, rendimiento físico, ejercicio de calentamiento, deporteResumen
El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el efecto de dos protocolos de activación basados en ejercicios con autocargas y con bandas elásticas sobre el rendimiento en acciones de fuerza dinámica y salto vertical y horizontal. Diez varones universitarios estudiantes de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte (edad: 23,1±1,5 años) completaron de forma aleatoria y con un descanso de 48 horas entre sesiones, una situación control (CON) en la que no se realizó ningún ejercicio de calentamiento y dos protocolos basados en ejercicios con el peso corporal (ACA) y con bandas elásticas (ACE). Después de cada protocolo se realizó un test de fuerza con carga submáxima en sentadilla (i.e., carga movida a ~1,00m/s) y en press banca (i.e., carga movida a ~0,79m/s), junto a un test de salto vertical sin (SJ) y con contramovimiento (CMJ) y de salto horizontal (SHB). En comparación con el CON, no se observaron mejoras en la fuerza tras la realización de ACA y ACE. Sin embargo, se obtuvieron mejoras significativas (p<0,05) en SJ, CMJ y SHB después de ACE, mientras que ACA sólo mejoró (p<0,05) SJ y CMJ. En conclusión, los protocolos que utilizan ejercicios con autocargas o bandas elásticas, pueden mejorar el rendimiento en acciones sin carga, pero no mejoran la fuerza frente a cargas submáximas.
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