Entrenamiento pliométrico y mejora del salto vertical en bailarinas de ballet clásico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17398/1885-7019.20.189Palabras clave:
Entrenamiento pliométrico, Bailarinas, Ballet clásico, CMJ, SaltoResumen
La capacidad del salto es una cualidad importante en el ballet clásico. Se ha demostrado que el entrenamiento pliométrico es efectivo en muchos deportes para mejorar el salto vertical. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto de 8 semanas de entrenamiento pliométrico sobre la capacidad del salto vertical y petit allegros en bailarinas de ballet clásico. 9 bailarinas (22,4 ± 3,05 años; 167 ± 0,06 cm; 56,1 ± 7,66 kg.; 14,2 ± 2,11 años de experiencia) realizaron 8 semanas de entrenamiento pliométrico. Antes (pre) y después (post) del entrenamiento, se evaluó el CMJ, la altura media de 32 petit allegros, la fuerza G y la eficiencia del salto. En el CMJ y en los petit allegros mejoraron después del entrenamiento (p<.05; 17,4; 14,5 % de cambio). La altura media de los petit allegros también se vio mejorada después del entrenamiento (p<.05: 17,2% de cambio). No se observaron cambios en la fuerza G y en la eficiencia del salto (p>0,05). En conclusión, 8 semanas de entrenamiento pliométrico fueron efectivas para mejorar el CMJ en condiciones de descanso y fatiga y las habilidades específicas de danza en bailarinas de ballet clásico.
Descargas
Referencias
Anderson, T. & Kearney, J.T. (1982). Effects of three resistance training programs on muscular endurance and absolute and relative endurace. Research Quarterly Excercise in Sport , 53(1), 1-7.
Ato, M., López-García, J. J., & Benavente, A. (2013). Un sistema de clasificación de los diseños de investigación en psicología. Anales de Psicología, 29(3), 1038-1059.
Ávila-Carvalho, L., Conceição, F., Escobar-Álvarez, J. A., Gondra, B., Leite, I., & Rama, L. (2022). The effect of 16 weeks of Lower-Limb Strength training in jumping performance of ballet dancers. Frontiers in Physiology, 12, 774327.
Bedoya, A. A., Miltenberger, M. R., & Lopez, R. M. (2015). Plyometric Training Effects on Athletic Performance in Youth Soccer Athletes: A Systematic Review. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29(8), 2351-2360. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000000877
Bouteraa, I., Negra, Y., Shephard, R. J., & Chelly, M. S. (2020). Effects of Combined Balance and Plyometric Training on Athletic Performance in Female Basketball Players. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 34(7), 1967-1973. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000002546
Brown, A. C., Wells, T. J., Schade, M. L., Smith, D. L., & Fehling, P. C. (2007). Effects of plyometric training versus traditional weight training on strength, power, and aesthetic jumping ability in female collegiate dancers. Journal of Dance Medicine & Science, 11(2), 38-44.
Buchheit, M., Mendez-Villanueva, A., Delhomel, G., Brughelli, M., & Ahmaidi, S. (2010). Improving repeated sprint ability in young elite soccer players: repeated shuttle sprints vs. explosive strength training. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(10), 2715-2722. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181bf0223
Capen, E. K. (1950). The effects of systematic weight training on power, strength and endurance, Research Quarterly, 21, 83-93
Clarke, D. H., & Stull, G. A.(1970). Endurance training as a determiannt of strength and fatigability. Research Quarterly Excercise in Sport , 41(1), 19-25.
Clarkson, P. M. (1988). The science of dance training. In P.M. Clarkson and M. Skrinar (eds.) The science of dance training. Human Kinetics Books,Champaign, IL.
Dias, A. (2009). Descrição biomecânica de saltos específicos do ballet clássico: determinação da infuência de movimentos que antecedem os saltos com contra movimento. Seminário do 5º ano da licenciatura em Desporto e Educação Física. Facultade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto.
Dowse, R. A., McGuigan, M. R., & Harrison, C. (2020). Effects of a resistance training intervention on strength, power, and performance in adolescent dancers. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 34(12), 3446-3453.
Escobar-Álvarez, J. A., Fuentes, J. P., Da Conceição, F. A., & Jiménez-Reyes, P. (2019). Individualized training based on force–velocity profiling during jumping in ballet dancers. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 15(6), 788-794.
Escobar Álvarez, J. A., Reyes, P. J., Pérez Sousa, M. Á., Conceição, F. A., & Fuentes, J. P. (2020). Analysis of the force-velocity profile in female ballet dancers. Journal of Dance Medicine & Science, 24(2), 59-65.
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39, 175-191
Field, A. (2009). SPSS. Discovering statistics using SPSS. 2nd ed. Porto Alegre, RS: Artmed.
Fitt, S. (1981). Conditioning for dancers: Investigating some assumptions. Dance Research Journal, 17(1,2), 32-38
Kirby, T. J., McBride, J. M., Haines, T. L., & Dayne, A. M. (2011). Relative net vertical impulse determines jumping performance. Journal Appiedl Biomechanic, 27(3), 207-214. https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.27.3.207
Liederbach, M. (2006). Jump exposures in the dance training environment: a measure of ergonomic demand. Journal Athletic Training, 41, S85.
Liiv, H., Wyon, M. A., Jürimäe, T., Saar, M., Mäestu, J., & Jürimäe, J. (2013). Anthropometry, somatotypes, and aerobic power in ballet, contemporary dance, and dancesport. Medical problems of performing artists, 28(4), 207-211.
Lloyd, R. S., Meyers, R. W., & Oliver, J. L. (2011). The natural development and trainability of plyometric ability during childhood. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 33(2), 23-32.
Markovic, G., & Mikulic, P. (2010). Neuro-musculoskeletal and performance adaptations to lower-extremity plyometric training. Sports Medicine, 40(10), 859-895. https://doi.org/10.2165/11318370-000000000-00000
Salazar-Braga, S. M. (2017). Enseñanza de Ballet Clásico en 1er grado de Primaria. Bachellor in Education and Muscial Education. Universidad Científica del Perú.
Salles, A. S., Baltzopoulos, V., & Rittweger, J. (2011). Differential effects of countermovement magnitude and volitional effort on vertical jumping. European Journal Applied Physiology, 111(3), 441-448. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-010-1665-6
Stalder, M.A., Noble, B.J., & Wilkinson, J.G. (1990).The effects of supplemental weight training for ballet dancers. Journal of Applied Sport Science Rsearch, 4(3), 95-102.
Stojanović, E., Ristić, V., McMaster, D. T., & Milanović, Z. (2017). Effect of Plyometric Training on Vertical Jump Performance in Female Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Medicine, 47(5), 975-986. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0634-6
Sánchez-Sixto, A., Harrison, A. J., & Floría, P. (2021). Effects of Plyometric Vs. Combined Plyometric Training on Vertical Jump Biomechanics in Female Basketball Players. Journal of Human Kinetic, 77, 25-35. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2021-0009
Stošić, D., Uzunović, S., Pantelić, S., Veličković, S., Đurović, M., & Piršl, D. (2020). Effects of exercise program on coordination and explosive power in university dance students. Facta Universitatis, Series: Physical Education and Sport, 579-589.
The Jamovi Project (2024). Jamovi (Version 2.5) [Computer Software]. Retrieved from https://www.jamovi.org
Tsanaka, A., Manou, V., & Kellis, S. (2017). Effects of a Modified Ballet Class on Strength and Jumping Ability in College Ballet Dancers. Journal of Dance Medicine & Science, 21(3), 97-101. https://doi.org/10.12678/1089-313x.21.3.97
Walker, I. J., Nordin‐Bates, S. M., & Redding, E. (2010). Talent identification and development in dance: A review of the literature. Research in Dance Education, 11(3), 167-191.
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2024 E-balonmano Com
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
