Importancia del uso de diferentes variables en la evaluación de la fuerza y su relación con el rendimiento en balonmano
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17398/1885-7019.21.157Palabras clave:
dinamómetro electromecánico funcional, fuerza específica, deportes de equipo, Rendimiento atlético , pruebaResumen
Antecedentes: las pruebas generales estandarizadas de evaluación física no proporcionan información relevante en deportes de equipo. La Dinamometría Electromecánica Funcional permite crear tareas de evaluación de fuerza con transferencia al deporte. Los objetivos fueron determinar la fiabilidad de la velocidad, potencia y trabajo de las pruebas de balonmano (pullover unilateral, leñador y test de un paso) e investigar la relación entre las pruebas y el rendimiento en balonmano.
Métodos: se utilizó un diseño de medidas repetidas para evaluar las pruebas de fuerza específicas de balonmano y el rendimiento (velocidad de lanzamiento (VL) y sprint) en catorce jugadores de élite de balonmano (28,79±4.81 años, 90,61±12,66 kg y 1,87±0,10 m).
Resultados: la fiabilidad relativa fue muy alta para todos los parámetros (ICC≥0,7), excepto para la velocidad y la potencia del pullover unilateral no dominante, y para la velocidad pico del leñador no dominante y la velocidad pico y media del leñador dominante (ICC<0.7). La VLpico podría explicarse por el peso, potencia media y trabajo de la prueba de un paso dominante en un 66% y el sprint podría explicarse por la altura y velocidad media de la prueba de un paso no dominante en un 49%.
Conclusión: estos resultados muestran la importancia de la fuerza específica del tren inferior en el entrenamiento del balonmano.
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