Relación entre la motivación, la intensidad, el rendimiento y la condición física en jóvenes deportistas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17398/1885-7019.21.571Palabras clave:
deportes, entrenamiento deportivo, teoría de la autodeterminación, dispositivo inercial de movimientoResumen
La intensidad del entrenamiento deportivo es clave en diversas consecuencias positivas. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer cómo la motivación, la condición física auto-percibida y el rendimiento auto-percibido se correlacionan con la intensidad que los jóvenes deportistas muestran en una sesión. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 79 deportistas con edades comprendidas entre los 10 y los 16 años. Después del procedimiento adecuado (permisos y comisión de bioética), los deportistas rellenaron un breve cuestionario sobre su motivación situacional percibida y entrenaron con un dispositivo inercial, colocado en su cuerpo, para medir la intensidad externa (carga del jugador por minuto) e interna (frecuencia cardíaca). También respondieron otra escala sobre su motivación contextual, percepción de su rendimiento y percepción de su condición física. Los resultados mostraron una relación entre la motivación contextual, intrínseca e identificada con la intensidad externa de los deportistas que también correlacionó con la condición física auto-percibida y el rendimiento auto-percibido. La aptitud física auto-percibida fue un 49% predictiva de la carga de trabajo por minuto del jugador (r = ,71; r2 = ,49; Cohen’s f2 = ,96, largo; RMSE = ,19; F(1,77) = 76,7; p < ,001). Los entrenadores pueden influir en la motivación de los atletas para mejorar la intensidad externa en el entrenamiento deportivo y su rendimiento.
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