Compromisso desportivo e força mental na alta competição: Um estudo com tenistas do Equador e de Portugal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17398/1885-7019.20.63Palavras-chave:
Competição, trienamento, ténis, compromisso desportivo, força mentalResumo
O objetivo desta investigação foi analisar a relação do compromisso desportivo e a força mental em tenistas de alta competição no Equador e Portugal. A investigação incluiu 265 atletas (127 do Equador e 138 de Portugal), com idades compreendidas ente os 15 e os 30 anos (Midade = 18.81; DP = 3.73) e pertencentes aos escalões mais avançados do ranking nacional de ambos países. Foram utilizados dois questionários: Mental Toughness Index e Athlete Engagement Questionnaire. Realizada a análise da variância ANOVA, a correlação de Pearson (ρ) e o alfa de Cronbach (α). Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os tenistas de ambos países têm altos níveis de compromisso desportivo e força mental. Além disso, os resultados mostraram uma relação positiva entre o compromisso desportivo e a força mental, indicando que os jogadores para se tornarem mais fortes mentalmente precisam de ser dedicados e entusiastas com o desporto. Por outra parte, não se evidenciaram diferenças entre ambos géneros e países. significativas Este estudo reforça a importância do desenvolvimento de programas psicológicos, assentes no compromisso desportivo e na força mental no sentido de fortalecer e desenvolver atletas determinados, fortes e competentes para superar as adversidades.
Downloads
Referências
Batista, M., Honório, S., Santos, J., Serrano, J., & Petrica, J. M. (2022). Motivational predictors of subjective welbeing in active adults gymnasium practitioners. (2022). E-Balonmano Com, 18(2), 149-160. https://doi.org/10.17398/1885-7019.18.149
Bédard Thom, C., Guay, F., & Trottier, C. (2020). Mental toughness in sport: The goal-expectancy-self-control (ges) model. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 33(6),627-643. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200.2020.1808736
Behr, D. (2016). Assessing the use of back translation: the shortcomings of back translation as a quality testing method. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 20(6), 573-584. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2016.1252188
Blumenstein, B., & Orbach, I. (2018). Periodization of psychological preparation within the training process. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 18(1), 13-23. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197x.2018.1478872
Caycho-Rodríguez, T. (2017). Intervalos de Confianza para el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach: aportes a la investigación pediátrica. Acta pediátrica de México, 38(4), 291-294. https://doi.org/10.18233/apm38no4pp291-2941440
Cowden, R. G., Crust, L., Jackman, P. C., & Duckett, T. R. (2019). Perfectionism and motivation in sport: The mediating role of mental toughness. South African Journal of Science, 115(1/2), 57-63. https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2019/5271
Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02310555
De Francisco, C., Arce, C., Graña, M., & Sánchez-Romero, E. I. (2018). Measurement invariance and validity of the Athlete Engagement Questionnaire. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 13(6), 1008-1014. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954118787488
Fawver, B., Cowan, R. L., DeCouto, B. S., Lohse, K. R., Podlog, L., & Williams, A. M. (2020). Psychological characteristics, sport engagement, and performance in alpine skiers. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 47, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2019.101616
Gerber, M., Best, S., Meerstetter, F., Walter, M., Ludyga, S., Brand, S., . . . Gustafsson, H. (2018). Effects of stress and mental toughness on burnout and depressive symptoms: A prospective study with young elite athletes. Journal of Science and Medicine in sport, 21(12), 1200-1205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2018.05.018
Graña, M., De Francisco, C., & Arce, C. (2021). The relationship between motivation and burnout in athletes and the mediating role of engagement. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(9), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094884
Gucciardi, D. F., Hanton, S., Gordon, S., Mallett, C. J., & Temby, P. (2015). The concept of mental toughness: Tests of dimensionality, nomological network and traitness. Journal of Personality, 83(1), 26-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12079
Gucciardi, D. F., Lines, R. L. J., Ducker, K. J., Peeling, P., Chapman, M. T., & Temby, P. (2021). Mental toughness as a psychological determinant of behavioral perseverance in special forces selection. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology, 10(1), 164-175. https://doi.org/10.1037/spy0000208
Henriksen, K., Schinke, R., Moesch, K., McCann, S., Parham, William D., Larsen, C. H., & Terry, P. (2019). Consensus statement on improving the mental health of high-performance athletes. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 18(5),553-560. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2019.1570473
Iwasaki, S., & Fry, M. D. (2016). Female adolescent soccer players' perceived motivational climate, goal orientations, and mindful engagement. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 27, 222-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2016.09.002
Jhangiani, R. S., Chiang, I.-C. A., Cuttler, C., and Leighton, D. C. (2019). Research Methods in Psychology. KPU Press, 4th edition.
Lacárcel García, A., Vallarino, V., & García, C. Psychological skills for mental toughness in handball players. (2022). E-Balonmano Com, 18(1), 35-44. https://doi.org/10.17398/1885-7019.18.35
Lavallee, D. (2018). Engagement in sport career transition planning enhances performance. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 24(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1080/15325024.2018.1516916
Line, D., Rune, G., Rune, H., & Stein, R. (2017). Mental toughness in elite and sub-elite female soccer players. IJASS (International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences), 29(1), 77-85. https://doi.org/10.24985/ijass.2017.29.1.77
Lonsdale, C., Hodge, K., & Jackson, S. A. (2007). Athlete engagement: II. Developmental and initial validation of the Athlete Engagement Questionnaire. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 38(4), 471-492.
Martins, P., Rosado, A., Ferreira, V., & Biscaia, R. (2014). Examining the validity of the Athlete Engagement Questionnaire (AEQ) in a Portuguese sport setting. Motriz: Revista de Educação Física, 20(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-65742014000100001
Meggs, J., Chen, M. A., & Koehn, S. (2019). Relationships between flow, mental toughness, and subjective performance perception in various triathletes. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 126(2), 241-252. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031512518803203
Meredith, S. J., Dicks, M., Noel, B., & Wagstaff, C. R. D. (2017). A review of behavioural measures and research methodology in sport and exercise psychology. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 11(1), 25-46. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2017.1286513
Musculus, L., & Lobinger, B. H. (2018). Psychological characteristics in talented soccer players - Recommendations on how to improve coaches' assessment. Frontiers in Psychology, 9(41), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00041
Reynders, B., Vansteenkiste, M., Van Puyenbroeck, S., Aelterman, N., De Backer, M., Delrue, J., . . . Broek, G. V. (2019). Coaching the coach: Intervention effects on need-supportive coaching behavior and athlete motivation and engagement. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 43, 288-300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2019.04.002
Scotto di Luzio, S., Martinent, G., Guillet-Descas, E., & Daigle, M.-P. (2019). Exploring the role of sport sense of community in perceived athlete burnout, sport motivation, and engagement. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 32(5), 513-528. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200.2019.1575298
Stamatis, A., Grandjean, P., Morgan, G., Padgett, R. N., Cowden, R., & Koutakis, P. (2020). Developing and training mental toughness in sport: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and pre-test and post-test experiments. In BMJ Open Sport Exercise Medicine (Vol. 6, pp. e000747). England. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000747
Stamatis, A., Morgan, G.B., Flores-Moreno, P.J., Barajas-Pineda, L.T., Sánchez, A.I.A., & Torres, S.S. (2021). Invarianza multicultural y validación del índice de fortaleza mental en deportistas norteamericanos y mexicanos [Multicultural Invariance and Validation of the Mental Toughness Index in North American and Mexican Athletes]. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias en Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 43, 643-650. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v43i0.88711
Wilson, D., Bennett, E. V., Mosewich, A. D., Faulkner, G. E., & Crocker, P. R. E. (2019). “The zipper effect”: Exploring the interrelationship of mental toughness and self-compassion among Canadian elite women athletes. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 40, 61-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.09.006
Downloads
Publicado
Edição
Secção
Licença
Direitos de Autor (c) 2024 E-balonmano Com
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-CompartilhaIgual 4.0.