Estilo motivacional del entrenador: percepción de jugadores y entrenadores según el género y la categoría de edad
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17398/1885-7019.21.241Palavras-chave:
Teoría de la Autodeterminación, deporte, waterpoloResumo
Este trabajo analizó si existen diferencias en la percepción que jugadores y entrenadores tienen del estilo motivacional, atendiendo al género y a la categoría de edad de los jugadores. Participaron 601 jóvenes jugadores de waterpolo españoles, con edades entre los 13 y los 18 años (M=14,74; DT=1,36; 69% chicos) y sus entrenadores (n=58; 93% hombres). Se midió tanto la percepción que entrenadores y jugadores tenían del apoyo a las necesidades psicológicas básicas como las conductas controladoras. Los resultados muestran que las chicas percibieron valores inferiores que los chicos en las conductas controladoras de intimidación y control personal. En cuanto a la categoría, los jugadores infantiles percibieron valores significativamente superiores en el apoyo a la competencia que los jugadores cadetes y juveniles, así como en el apoyo a la relación social que los jugadores cadetes. Por otro lado, los jugadores juveniles percibieron valores significativamente superiores en la atención negativa que los jugadores infantiles y cadetes, así como en la intimidación que los jugadores infantiles. Sin embargo, no se encontraron diferencias significativas en la percepción de los entrenadores de su estilo motivacional en función de la categoría de edad a la que entrenaban. Estos resultados señalan la importancia de reducir todo lo posible las conductas controladoras y mantener las estrategias de apoyo a lo largo de todo el periodo formativo de los jugadores.
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