Efeito da distância de lançamento e da posição angular em jogadores de basquetebol sub-14. Análise da Minitaça Endesa.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17398/1885-7019.22.209Palavras-chave:
Análise notacional, eficácia, basquetebol juvenil, análise espacial, modelos estatísticosResumo
No basquetebol juvenil, compreender os fatores que influenciam a eficácia dos lançamentos é fundamental para otimizar o desenvolvimento técnico e tático dos jovens jogadores. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a influência da distância e do ângulo de lançamento no sucesso dos lançamentos dos jogadores sub-14 participantes da Minitaça Endesa. Um total de 19.420 lançamentos foram registados e analisados utilizando análise descritiva, modelação estatística (regressão logística, qui-quadrado) e aprendizagem automática (Random Forest). Os resultados mostraram que a distância ao cesto é o principal preditor da eficácia dos lançamentos, com uma diminuição significativa da percentagem de acertos à medida que a distância aumenta, especialmente para além dos 6,75 metros. Por outro lado, o ângulo de lançamento teve uma influência moderada e secundária. Além disso, foram detetados padrões espaciais na seleção das zonas de lançamento, com preferência pelas áreas próximas do cesto e da linha de três pontos, e uma clara evitação das zonas intermédias. Estes achados sugerem uma interiorização precoce dos modelos espaciais típicos do basquetebol profissional e reforçam a necessidade de elaborar tarefas de treino que promovam a eficácia em múltiplas distâncias e posições, promovendo, assim, a versatilidade e a tomada de decisão contextualizada nas fases formativas.
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